Tapeworm And Dog Symbiotic Relationship

45.5C: Symbiosis

Terminal updated
Salve as PDF

Page ID: 14203

Learning Objectives

Differentiate among the types of symbiosis: commensalism, mutualism, and parasitism

Symbiotic relationships, or symbioses (plural), are shut interactions between individuals of unlike species over an extended menstruum of time which touch the abundance and distribution of the associating populations. Nigh scientists accept this definition, but some restrict the term to only those species that are mutualistic, where both individuals benefit from the interaction.

Commensalism

A commensalistic relationship occurs when one species benefits from the close, prolonged interaction, while the other neither benefits nor is harmed. Birds nesting in trees provide an example of a commensal relationship. The tree is not harmed by the presence of the nest amongst its branches. The nests are lite and produce piffling strain on the structural integrity of the branch. Nigh of the leaves, which the tree uses to obtain energy by photosynthesis, are higher up the nest, then they are unaffected. The bird, on the other hand, benefits greatly. If the bird had to nest in the open, its eggs and young would be vulnerable to predators.

Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\): Commensalistic relationship: The southern masked-weaver bird is starting to make a nest in a tree in Zambezi Valley, Zambia. This is an example of a commensal human relationship, in which one species (the bird) benefits, while the other (the tree) neither benefits nor is harmed.

Mutualism

A 2nd type of symbiotic relationship, mutualism, is where ii species both benefit from their interaction. Some scientists believe that these are the only true examples of symbiosis. For example, termites have a mutualistic relationship with protozoa that live in the insect's gut. The termite benefits from the power of bacterial symbionts within the protozoa to assimilate cellulose. The termite itself cannot do this; without the protozoa, it would not be able to obtain free energy from its food (cellulose from the wood it chews and eats). The protozoa and the bacterial symbionts benefit by having a protective environment and a constant supply of nutrient from the woods-chewing actions of the termite.

Parasitism

A parasite is an organism that lives in or on another living organism, deriving nutrients from information technology. In this relationship the parasite benefits, but the organism being fed upon, the host, is harmed. The host is usually weakened past the parasite every bit it siphons resource the host would normally use to maintain itself. The parasite, however, is unlikely to kill the host. This is considering the parasite needs the host to consummate its reproductive cycle by spreading to some other host.

The reproductive cycles of parasites are often very complex, sometimes requiring more than one host species. A tapeworm is a parasite that causes disease in humans when contaminated, undercooked meat such as pork, fish, or beefiness is consumed. The tapeworm tin can alive inside the intestine of the host for several years, benefiting from the food the host is bringing into its gut by eating; it may grow to exist over 50 ft long past calculation segments. The parasite moves from species to species as information technology requires two hosts to complete its life cycle.

Effigy \(\PageIndex{one}\): Lifecycle of a parasitic tapeworm: This diagram shows the life cycle of a pork tapeworm (*Taenia solium*), a human worm parasite. The eggs of the tapeworm are ingested by the host. When they hatch, the worms travel through the wall of the intestine and begin to abound. Here, the parasite will absorb the diet from the host and continue to abound.

Cardinal Points

Commensalism is when two organisms share the same surround, where one benefits and the other is unharmed.
Trees and birds have a commensalistic relationship; the birds benefit from having a place to build their nests, while the trees are unharmed and not impacted by the bird's presence.
Mutualism is when 2 species sharing the aforementioned environment both benefit from their interactions.
The protozoans living within the intestines of termites create a mutualistic relationship with them; the protozoans get a safe place to live while the termites become help digesting the cellulose in their diet.
Parasitism occurs when two organisms interact, but while 1 benefits, the other experiences harm.
Parasites harm their hosts, equally with the tapeworm attaching itself to the intestine of a cow; the tapeworm absorbs the nutrients from the cow'southward diet, preventing them from existence absorbed past the cow.

Key Terms

mutualism: Any interaction between two species that benefits both.
commensalism: A sharing of the same surround by two organisms where one species benefits and the other is unaffected; due east.g., barnacles on whales.
parasitism: Interaction between ii organisms, in which one organism (the parasite) benefits and the other (the host) is harmed.

Tapeworm And Dog Symbiotic Relationship,

Source: https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Book%3A_General_Biology_(Boundless)/45%3A_Population_and_Community_Ecology/45.05%3A_Community_Ecology/45.5C%3A_Symbiosis

Posted by: searsadaund.blogspot.com